This report attempts to provide a maximally sleek strategic overview to inform Labour policy and thinking on the UK-Ukraine (UK-UA) relationship and on Russia’s war against Ukraine. In so doing, it draws on interviews with a wide range of senior Ukrainian, British, American, EU, and Russian officials and foreign policy elites as well as close to a decade of academic research on Russian foreign policy, propaganda, and public attitudes towards Ukraine and the West.

Aside from opposing the Saudi Government’s horrific record on human rights, Labour has yet to produce a set of proposals that could see a substantial reset in the UK-Saudi relationship.

The current crisis in Ukraine is not about Ukraine, but about Russia’s longstanding desire and attempt to redraw the entire European security architecture.

When dealing with the Kremlin, the Conservative Government is tough in rhetoric and weak in action – the worst possible combination.

Labour should welcome AUKUS in principle as a stabilising pact between liberal democracies, in a region which could experience rising tensions in coming years.

Labour’s approach to China must move beyond a focus on foreign policy and human rights and particularly address domestic policy, with an emphasis on supply chains, resilient infrastructure and technological autonomy.

The UK is closer than it has been in years to a cross-party consensus on Russia. Labour and the Conservatives now share a justified perception of Russia as a clear threat to the UK as well as its allies and partners in Europe. Their mutual recognition of Russia’s malign behaviour, however, obscures a mutual failure to elaborate a detailed vision of what Britain’s relations with Russia should look like.

The Integrated Review of Security, Defence, Development and Foreign Policy is an ongoing, cross-governmental review launched in 2019. The review is expected to be published in March 2021, though this is later than originally planned and there has been some speculation that this could be delayed even further.